Virtues are not emotions. Emotions are movements of appetite, virtues dispositions of appetite towards movement. Moreover emotions... can be good or bad, reasonable or unreasonable; whereas virtues dispose us only to good. Emotions arise in the appetite and are brought into conformity with reason; virtues are effects of reason achieving themselves in reasonable movements of the appetites. Balanced emotions are virtue's effect, not its substance.LESSATTRIBUTION DETAIL »
Love must precede hatred, and nothing is hated save through being contrary to a suitable thing which is loved. And hence it is tha...t every hatred is caused by love.LESSATTRIBUTION DETAIL »
Pain itself can be pleasurable accidentally in so far as it is accompanied by wonder, as in stage-plays; or in so far as it recall...s a beloved object to one's memory, and makes one feel one's love for the thing, whose absence gives us pain. Consequently, since love is pleasant, both pain and whatever else results from love, in so far as they remind us of our love, are pleasant.LESSATTRIBUTION DETAIL »
The soul, which is the first principle of life, is not a body, but the act of a body; just as heat, which is the principle of cale...faction, is not a body, but an act of a body.LESSATTRIBUTION DETAIL »
Reasoning is compared to understanding as movement is to rest, or acquisition to possession.... Since movement always proceeds fro...m something immovable, and ends in something at rest, hence it is that human reasoning, in the order of inquiry and discovery, proceeds from certain things absolutely understood--namely, the first principles; and, again, in the order of judgment, returns by analysis to first principles, in the light of which it examines what it has found. Now it is clear that rest and movement are not to be referred to different powers, but to one and the same.LESSATTRIBUTION DETAIL »
Though of erect nature, man is far above the plants. For man's superior part, his head, is turned toward the superior part of the ...world, and his inferior part is turned toward the inferior world; and therefore he is perfectly disposed as to the general situation of his body. Plants have the superior part turned towards the lower world, since their roots correspond to the mouth, and their inferior parts towards the upper world.LESSATTRIBUTION DETAIL »